Reflection of polyphonic effects in the novel "When a Man Thinks" by Khowla Al-Qazwini based on Bakhtin's theory

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD in Arabic Language and Literature, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar. iran

10.22091/npa.2026.15705.1054

Abstract

The polyphonic novel is a new type of novel in which various voices contribute to its narrative, and each voice of the text speaks from its own perspective And in the end, different voices come together. One of the topics of research in fiction literature in recent decades is Mikhail Bakhtin's theory of "polyphony." From Bakhtin's perspective, the core of "polyphonic" stories relies on the equal distribution of sounds in the text without the dominance of one sound over another. The lack of hierarchical structure, instability, chaos, and incoherence place Khowla Al-Qazwini's novel "When Man Thinks" among polyphonic novels, making it necessary to analyze it based on Bakhtin's theory. The aforementioned novel, with its tendency towards dynamism, as well as the linking of its events to each other and the availability of various inputs, is susceptible to analysis based on Bakhtin's theory, because Bakhtin's theory is suitable for analyzing independent ideologies and ideas in the novel's discourse. The purpose of writing this research is to reveal the contradictions and discourses present in the aforementioned novel. The approach resulting from this research, which relies on content analysis, indicates that the dialogue between the characters in this novel shows that each of them represents a specific segment of society. Therefore, in this novel, we are faced with three different discursive fronts: "Mohammad" and his sister's husband "Ali" in the intellectual and democratic class are placed against the opposition party led by "Abdullah" and government agents.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [العربیة]

تجلیات تعدد الأصوات فی روایة "عندما یفکر الرّجل" لخولة القزوینی علی ضوء نظریة باختین

Abstract [العربیة]

تُعد الروایة "المتعددة الأصوات" واحدة من الأنواع الجدیدة من الروایات التی تساهم فیها أصوات متعددة فی سردها. فی هذا النوع من الروایات، یتحدث کل صوت فی النص من وجهة نظره الخاصة، وفی النهایة، تتحد الأصوات المختلفة. تُعد نظریة میخائیل باختین حول "تعدد الأصوات" أحد مواضیع البحث فی الأدب الروائی فی العقود الأخیرة. من وجهة نظر باختین، یعتمد جوهر القصص "المتعددة الأصوات" على التوزیع المتساوی للأصوات فی النص دون هیمنة صوت واحد على آخر. إن غیاب البنیة الهرمیة وعدم الاستقرار والفوضى وعدم التماسک یجعل روایة خولة القزوینی "عندما یفکر الرجل" من بین الروایات "متعددة الأصوات"، مما یجعل من الضروری تحلیلها بناءً على نظریة باختین. إن الروایة المذکورة آنفاً، بمیلها نحو الدینامیکیة، فضلاً عن ربط أحداثها ببعضها البعض وتوافر مدخلات متنوعة، قابلة للتحلیل بناءً على نظریة باختین، لأن نظریة باختین مناسبة لتحلیل الأیدیولوجیات والأفکار المستقلة فی خطاب الروایة. إن الغرض من کتابة هذا البحث هو الکشف عن التناقضات والخطابات فی الروایة المذکورة آنفاً. یشیر النهج المتبع فی هذا البحث، والذی یعتمد على تحلیل المحتوى، إلى أن الحوار بین الشخصیات فی هذه الروایة یوضح أن کل واحد منهم یمثل شریحة معینة من المجتمع. لذلک، فی هذه الروایة، نواجه ثلاث جبهات خطابیة مختلفة: "محمد" وزوج أخته "علی" فی الطبقة المثقفة والدیمقراطیة یقفان فی مواجهة حزب المعارضة بقیادة "عبد الله" وعملاء الحکومة.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • باختین
  • تعدد الأصوات
  • خولة القزوینی
  • روایة "عندما یفکر الرجل"

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 24 October 2025
  • Revise Date: 16 December 2025
  • Accept Date: 01 February 2026
  • First Publish Date: 21 March 2026
  • Publish Date: 21 March 2026

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