Criticism of Imam Fakhr Razi's style of protest against Abdul Qahir Jurjani in the topic of rational metonymy (by referencing to declarative statement)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D in Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Foreign languages, Kashan lrm;University, Isfahan, Iran

2 professor of Arabic‏ ‏Language and Literature, Department of Humanities, University of ‎Kashan, Isfahan, Iran‏.‏

3 Associate professor of Arabic‏ ‏Language and Literature, Department of Humanities, University ‎of Kashan, Isfahan, Iran

10.22091/npa.2023.9897.1007

Abstract

Rational metonymy is one of the rhetorical issues and the root of disagreements among thinkers in this field, so that, some, using their complicated and multiplex strategy, have tried to challenge this literal style. With his philosophical approach, Imam Fakhr Razi (606 AH) challenges Abdul Qahir Jorjani's (471 AH) opinion in this regard. In the light of the importance of the problem of analyzing Razi's protest style to Jurjani, the present article aims to criticize and examine the views of these two thinkers on the topic of rational metonymy using qualitative approach and inductive method, relying on declarative statement. With the investigations carried out; the results indicated that Razi cleverly lays the ground in the topic of declarative statement in order to challenge Jurjani's rational metonymy. It seems that by invalidating declaration in congruent implications, he directly targeted rational metonymy in Jurjani’s view, because sheikh acknowledges conventional implication and considers metonymy embedded in copula. Moreover, his objection that the focus of Jurjani's speech in rational metonymy is the verb without subject is rejected by referring to the opinions of sheikh regarding declarative statement. Jurjani considers the interpretation of the meaning dependent on the copula between the predicate and subject, and among them, he prioritizes the existence of the subject in statements. This indicates the definite existence of the subject and the negation of Razi's point of view.

Keywords

Article Title [العربیة]

دراسة و نقد أسلوب الإمام فخر الرازی الاحتجاجی على عبدالقاهر الجرجانی فی المجاز العقلی (الکلام الخبری نموذجاً)

Abstract [العربیة]

لطالما کانت المجاز العقلی محط اهتمام المفکرین البلاغیین ممّا أدّی إلی ظهور الآراء المتضاربة فیما بینهم وقد ناقشه أصحاب النظریات البلاغیة وأثاروا فیه الشکوک باتجاهاتهم الغامضة المتفرعة. هذا وفخر الرازی ‏‏(606 هـ) یتحدى رأی الشیخ ‏عبدالقاهر الجرجانی (471 هـ) فی هذا الباب. فی ضوء أهمیة المسألة تحاول هذه الورقة دراسة ‏ونقد وتقویم آراء هذین المفکرین فی مبحث المجاز العقلی ‏بالأسلوب الکیفی مستندا إلی المنهج الاستقرائی. ما کشفت عنه هذه الورقة من نتائج تبیّن أن الرازی حاول بذکائه ‏الخاص أن یمهّد فی موضوع الکلام الخبری من أجل تحدی المجاز العقلی للجرجانی. ویبدو أنه یتعمد إلی إبطال ‏الخبر فی الدلالة التطابقیة لیحتج علی ‏رأی الجرجانی فی المجاز العقلی مباشرة. لأن الشیخ یقبل الدلالة الوضعیة أو التطابقیّة فی مبحث المجاز العقلی ‏ویعتبر الإسناد مجازا عقلیا، ویرفض اعتراض الرازی على أن ‏محور کلام الجرجانی فی المجاز العقلی هو الفعل بلا فاعل له لو ‏راجعنا إلى أقوال الشیخ فی الکلام الخبری ویعتبر الجرجانی أن إفادة المعنى ‏یعتمد على الإسناد بین المسند والمسند إلیه ویعطی ‏الأولویة لوجود المسندالیه فی الکلام مما یدل على الوجود المؤکد للفاعل و إبطال رأی الرازی.‏

Keywords [العربیة]

  • عبدالقاهر الجرجانی
  • فخر الرازی
  • الخبر
  • المجاز العقلی.‏

References

  • References

    • The Holy Quran
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History

  • Receive Date: 24 June 2024
  • Revise Date: 01 October 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 November 2024
  • First Publish Date: 06 November 2024
  • Publish Date: 09 January 2025

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